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An IV cannula pack carries three pieces of information that define it: the gauge, the outer diameter and length of the catheter in millimeters and, with many manufacturers, the flow rate in ml/min. The color of the hub sums up the first two so you can recognize the size at a glance. This guide explains what each figure means, how gauge relates to flow, why cannula colors do not match needle colors and what to check before you order.
An IV cannula is an over-needle peripheral venous catheter. The standard that covers these devices, ISO 10555-5:2013, describes them as over-needle peripheral intravascular catheters for accessing the peripheral vascular system, supplied sterile and intended for single use. The steel needle guides the puncture and is withdrawn, leaving the flexible catheter in the vein, attached to a color-coded hub.
The PRIMA cannulas in the catalog are described as cannulas with a valve and have wings for fixation; they are sterile and sold in boxes of 100. The 14G product sheet specifies a radiopaque FEP catheter, a double-bevelled siliconized tip and an inner diameter of 1.6 mm. The product sheets describe them for intermittent intravenous administration of medication and for hydration.
The table sets the dimensions of the cannulas in the catalog next to the flow rates from the data sheet of a major manufacturer, B. Braun, for the Introcan Safety 3 polyurethane catheter. The flow rates are examples: they vary between manufacturers, so the reference value is the one on the data sheet of the cannula you use.
| Gauge | Color | PRIMA cannulas: diameter × length | B. Braun Introcan Safety 3 flow (diameter × length) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 14G | orange | 2.1 × 45 mm | 325 ml/min (2.2 × 32 mm); 310 ml/min (2.2 × 50 mm) |
| 16G | gray | 1.7 × 45 mm | 195 ml/min (1.7 × 32 mm); 185 ml/min (1.7 × 50 mm) |
| 18G | green | 1.3 × 45 mm | 105 ml/min (1.3 × 32 mm); 100 ml/min (1.3 × 45 mm) |
| 20G | pink | 1.1 × 32 mm | 65 ml/min (1.1 × 25 mm); 60 ml/min (1.1 × 32 mm); 55 ml/min (1.1 × 50 mm) |
| 22G | blue | 0.9 × 25 mm | 35 ml/min (0.9 × 25 mm) |
| 24G | yellow | 0.7 × 19 mm | 22 ml/min (0.7 × 19 mm) |
| 26G | violet | 0.6 × 19 mm | not listed in the cited sheet |
For anyone working out infusion times, the same sheet also gives hourly flow: 35 ml/min at 22G equals 2,100 ml/h, and 22 ml/min at 24G equals 1,320 ml/h.
Hypodermic needles, vacutainer needles and butterflies (scalp vein sets) use a different color code from cannulas. Examples from the catalog show how easy it is to get it wrong if you go by color alone:
| Gauge | Cannula | Vacutainer needle or butterfly |
|---|---|---|
| 18G | green | pink (vacutainer needle) |
| 20G | pink | yellow (butterfly) |
| 22G | blue | black (vacutainer needle and butterfly) |
| 24G | yellow | violet (butterfly) |
When ordering and taking stock, identify the product by gauge and by dimensions in millimeters, not by color.
Butterflies (scalp vein sets) are often confused with cannulas, but they are built differently. The ones in the catalog have a stainless steel needle, gripping wings and a 315 mm PVC tube with a connector: what stays in the vein is the metal needle, not a flexible catheter. With the butterfly-to-vacutainer adapter, a butterfly is also used for blood collection. A cannula, by contrast, leaves only the plastic catheter in the vein once the needle has been withdrawn. The two products also have different color codes, as the table above shows.
The gauge used for a given patient is decided by the clinical staff, according to the unit’s protocol, the prescribed therapy and the condition of the veins. For purchasing, the practical questions are different:
Major manufacturers relate their cannulas to the ISO 10555 series of standards: B. Braun, for example, declares conformity with EN ISO 10555-1 and 10555-5 for Introcan Safety 3. The statement appears on the data sheet, next to the flow rates.
All sizes, accessories and infusion consumables are in the infusion sets, IV cannulas and scalp vein sets category.
For the cannulas in the catalog: 14G orange, 16G gray, 18G green, 20G pink, 22G blue, 24G yellow and 26G violet. Confirm the exact size from the gauge and the dimensions in millimeters printed on the pack.
G stands for gauge and indicates the thickness of the catheter. The scale runs backwards: a higher number means a thinner catheter. In the catalog, the 14G cannula has an outer diameter of 2.1 mm and the 26G one 0.6 mm.
The one with the lowest gauge number. On the B. Braun Introcan Safety 3 data sheet, the 14G × 32 mm cannula declares 325 ml/min and the 24G × 19 mm one 22 ml/min. At the same gauge, the longer version has a slightly lower flow rate.
Cannulas and needles use different color codes. In the catalog, the 20G butterfly is yellow and the 20G cannula is pink. That is why products are identified by gauge and dimensions, not by color.
Until the expiry date on the pack, provided it is kept as the product sheet specifies. For the PRIMA 14G cannula, the sheet gives a 5-year shelf life and storage in the original packaging at 5–40 °C and no more than 70% humidity.
Diferența dintre recipientul de coprocultură simplu și cel cu mediu de transport (gel), cum recoltezi scaunul cu spatula, urina în urocultor și exudatul faringian, plus cum păstrezi probele până la laborator.
Every code on the pack in one place: needle gauge and hub colors, IV cannulas, CH/Fr catheter sizes, USP sutures, glove sizes, blood tube stoppers and U-100 insulin syringes, with tables.
What vacutainer cap colors mean, which additive each tube holds, the order of draw under CLSI GP41 and EFLM, how many inversions each tube needs and what to check on the label.
The recommendations on the home page help you find the right products for your practice, clinic or business faster.
